Summary: There is a realization that technology-only solutions are not the most effective way of achieving best efficiency in building operation. Occupants and users' actions often diverge and develop in ways not always in consonance with the originally intended design of buildings. A way of sorting this discrepancy between "idealized" building occupant models and more realistic ones is to consider the role of occupants in the design and operation of buildings. Modelling the occupant's likely behavior, influencing it and extracting meaningful data from existing buildings are sides of the same problem that reveals the difficulties in considering human interactions with the built environment. Methods of modelling occupants are presented alongside tools and relevant case studies.

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